else if
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The
else if statement in C++ is a conditional statement that allows you to execute different blocks of code based on a series of conditions. The general syntax of an else if statement is as follows:if (condition1) {
// code to execute if condition1 is true
} else if (condition2) {
// code to execute if condition1 is false and condition2 is true
} else if (condition3) {
// code to execute if condition1 and condition2 are false and condition3 is true
} ...
else {
// code to execute if none of the conditions are true
}
The else if statements are evaluated in order, and the first else if statement whose condition evaluates to true is executed. If none of the else if conditions evaluate to true, the else statement is executed.
Here is an example of an else if statement:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int mark = 0;
cin >> mark;
if (mark >= 90)
cout << "A" << endl;
else if (mark >= 80)
cout << "B" << endl;
else if (mark >= 70)
cout << "C" << endl;
else if (mark >= 60)
cout << "D" << endl;
else
cout << "F" << endl;
return 0;
}
Another example:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int x = 0, y = 0;
cout << "Enter 2 numbers" << endl;
cin >> x >> y;
if (x < y)
cout << "y is greater than x" << endl;
else if (x > y)
cout << "x is greater than y" << endl;
else
cout << "Both are equal" << endl;
cout << "C++ is great language!" << endl;
return 0;
}
You can also use nested else if statements to create even more complex conditional statements.
The else if statement is a powerful tool for controlling the flow of your program. By using else if statements, you can write more complex and efficient code.
Here are some general rules for using the else if statement:
- The
else ifstatement must be used in conjunction with anifstatement. - The
else ifstatements are evaluated in order, and the firstelse ifstatement whose condition evaluates totrueis executed. - If none of the
else ifconditions evaluate totrue, theelsestatement is executed. - You can use nested
else ifstatements to create even more complex conditional statements.
By understanding how to use the else if statement, you can write more efficient and reliable C++ code.
