{"id":10103,"date":"2023-11-11T18:22:59","date_gmt":"2023-11-11T18:22:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adelnasim.com\/docs\/courses\/cpp-tutorial\/data-structures-struct\/"},"modified":"2024-04-07T01:19:38","modified_gmt":"2024-04-07T01:19:38","slug":"data-structures-struct","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/adelnasim.com\/ar\/docs\/courses\/cpp-tutorial\/data-structures-struct\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (struct)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0629 C++ \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 struct.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/h2>\n

\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 struct\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0640struct \u0641\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0629 C++<\/h2>\n

struct \u0641\u064a C++ \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0643. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 struct:<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 struct \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631:<\/p>\n

struct MyStruct<\/p>\n

struct MyStruct\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 1:<\/strong><\/p>\n
#include <iostream>\r\n#include <string>\r\nusing namespace std;\r\nstruct car\r\n{\r\n    string name;\r\n    string color;\r\n    int maxSpeed;\r\n    int model;\r\n};\r\nint main()\r\n{\r\n    car x;\r\n    x.name = \"Rolls-Royce\";\r\n    x.color = \"Red\";\r\n    x.model = 2019;\r\n    x.maxSpeed = 270;\r\n    \r\n    cout << x.name << endl;\r\n    return 0;\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f struct \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 x \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0640Struct (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629):
    \n\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0640struct \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0629 car \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 name \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 color \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 maxSpeed \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 model. \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n
  • Instance Creation \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 (x):
    \n\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 (instance) \u0644\u0640struct \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 x \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/li>\n
  • \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645:
    \n\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 x \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 notation \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 (.). \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c x.name = \"Rolls-Royce\" \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \"Rolls-Royce\" \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645.<\/li>\n
  • \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a:
    \n\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 cout << x.name << endl;. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c "Rolls-Royce" \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a:
    \n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n
    Rolls-Royce\r\n<\/pre>\n
    \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 2:<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642:<\/p>\n
    #include <iostream>\r\n#include <string>\r\nusing namespace std;\r\nstruct car\r\n{\r\n    string name;\r\n    string color;\r\n    int maxSpeed;\r\n    int model;\r\n};\r\nint main()\r\n{\r\n    car x = {\"BMW\",\"Blue\",250,2016};\r\n    cout << x.maxSpeed << endl;\r\n    return 0;\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n
    250<\/pre>\n
    \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 3:<\/strong><\/p>\n
    #include <iostream>\r\n#include <string>\r\nusing namespace std;\r\nstruct car\r\n{\r\n    string name;\r\n    string color;\r\n    int maxSpeed;\r\n    int model;\r\n};\r\nint main()\r\n{\r\n    car x = {\"BMW\",\"Blue\",250,2016};\r\n    car y = x;\r\n    cout << y.name << endl;\r\n    return 0;\r\n}<\/pre>\n
    \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644\u0647 (x \u0648y):<\/p>\n
      \n
    • \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0640struct \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 x \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
    • \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 y \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645 x. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a y \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a x.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 4:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      #include <iostream>\r\n#include <string>\r\nusing namespace std;\r\nstruct car\r\n{\r\n    string name;\r\n    string color;\r\n    int maxSpeed;\r\n    int model;\r\n}y;\r\nint main()\r\n{\r\n    car x = {\"BMW\",\"Blue\",250,2016};\r\n    car y = {\"Mercedes\",\"Red\",300,2016};\r\n    if (x.maxSpeed > y.maxSpeed)\r\n        cout << \"car x is faster than car y\";\r\n    else\r\n        cout << \"car y is faster than car x\";\r\n    return 0;\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
        \n
      • \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a (y):
        \n\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0640struct \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 y \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c.<\/li>\n
      • \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644\u0647 (x \u0648y \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a):
        \n- \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0640struct \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0629 x \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.
        \n- \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 y \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 y \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 y \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642.<\/li>\n
      • \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a:
        \n\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a x \u0648 y \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a:
        \n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0640 maxSpeed \u0641\u064a x \u0648y. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n
        car y is faster than car x<\/pre>\n
        \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 'struct' \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0651\u0629:<\/h2>\n
        \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 5:<\/strong><\/p>\n
        #include <iostream>\r\n#include <string>\r\nusing namespace std;\r\nstruct car\r\n{\r\n    string name;\r\n    string color;\r\n    int maxSpeed;\r\n    int model;\r\n};\r\nvoid f(car f)\r\n{\r\n    cout << \"Name = \" << f.name << endl;\r\n    cout << \"Color = \" << f.color << endl;\r\n}\r\nint main()\r\n{\r\n    car v = {\"No name\",\"Red\",160,2000};\r\n    f(v);\r\n    return 0;\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
        \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n
          \n
        • \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 (f):
          \n\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0640parameter \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646.<\/li>\n
        • \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644\u0647 (v):
          \n\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0629 v \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
        • \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 (f(v)):
          \n\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 f \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 v \u0643\u0640argument.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a:
          \n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n
          Name = No name\r\nColor = Red<\/pre>\n
          \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 6:<\/strong><\/p>\n
          #include <iostream>\r\n#include <string>\r\nusing namespace std;\r\nstruct car\r\n{\r\n    string name;\r\n    string color;\r\n    int maxSpeed;\r\n    int model;\r\n};\r\ncar read_return(car&s)\r\n{\r\n    cout << \"Enter car name:\\n\";\r\n    cin >> s.name;\r\n    cout << \"Enter car color:\\n\";\r\n    cin >> s.color;\r\n    cout << \"Enter car maximum speed:\\n\";\r\n    cin >> s.maxSpeed;\r\n    cout << \"Enter car model:\\n\";\r\n    cin >> s.model;\r\n    return s;\r\n}\r\nint main()\r\n{\r\n    car v;\r\n    read_return(v);\r\n    car h;\r\n    h = v;\r\n    cout << h.name << endl;\r\n    return 0;\r\n}<\/pre>\n
          \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n
            \n
          • \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 (read_return):
            \n\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 read_return \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0640parameter\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0621 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 struct \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n
          • \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 (read_return(v)):
            \n\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 read_return \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 v \u0643\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645 v.<\/li>\n
          • \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629:
            \n- \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 v \u0625\u0644\u0649 h.
            \n- \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645 h.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a:
            \n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0648\u0623\u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0643 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n
            Enter car name:\r\nBMW\r\nEnter car color:\r\nBlue\r\nEnter car maximum speed:\r\n250\r\nEnter car model:\r\n2022\r\nBMW\r\n<\/pre>\n
            \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 7:<\/strong><\/p>\n
            #include <iostream>\r\n#include <string>\r\nusing namespace std;\r\nstruct car\r\n{\r\n    string name;\r\n    string color;\r\n    int maxSpeed;\r\n    int model;\r\n    void fun(car n)\r\n    {\r\n        cout << n.name << endl;\r\n    }\r\n};\r\n\r\nint main()\r\n{\r\n    car v = {\"Kia\"};\r\n    v.fun(v);\r\n    return 0;\r\n}<\/pre>\n
            \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n
              \n
            • \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 (fun):
              \n\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 fun \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629.
              \n\u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0640parameter  \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a:
              \n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n
              Kia<\/pre>\n
              \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 8:<\/strong><\/p>\n
              #include <iostream>\r\n#include <string>\r\nusing namespace std;\r\nstruct car\r\n{\r\n    string name;\r\n    string color;\r\n    int maxSpeed;\r\n    int model;\r\n    void fun(car n)\r\n    {\r\n        cout << n.name << endl;\r\n    }\r\n};\r\n\r\nint main()\r\n{\r\n    car*h;\r\n    car b = {\"Toyota\",\"Red\",170,2008};\r\n    h = &b;\r\n    cout << h->color << endl;\r\n    return 0;\r\n}<\/pre>\n
              \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n
                \n
              • \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644\u0647 (h):
                \n\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 h.<\/li>\n
              • \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644\u0647 (b):
                \n\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0629 b \u0648\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n
              • \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 (h = &b):
                \n\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 h.<\/li>\n
              • Dereferencing \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 (h->color):
                \n\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 h \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0645 (->).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a:
                \n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n
                Red<\/pre>\n
                 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                In the world of programming, data structures play a pivotal role in how we organize and manipulate data efficiently. They act as the building blocks that enable us to create well-structured and organized programs. In this explanation, we will delve into one fundamental data structure in C++ known as struct. What is a Data Structure? […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":2744,"menu_order":37,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-10103","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry","no-post-thumbnail"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/adelnasim.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10103","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/adelnasim.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/adelnasim.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adelnasim.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adelnasim.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10103"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/adelnasim.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10103\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10115,"href":"https:\/\/adelnasim.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10103\/revisions\/10115"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adelnasim.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2744"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/adelnasim.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10103"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adelnasim.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=10103"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}